What is the primary difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest?

The primary difference between a heart attack and cardiac arrest lies in the underlying mechanisms of each condition. A heart attack, also known as a myocardial infarction, occurs when there is a blockage in the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart muscle. This obstruction prevents oxygen-rich blood from reaching parts of the heart, leading to damage or death of heart tissue.

On the other hand, cardiac arrest is a condition where the heart stops beating effectively, leading to a cessation of blood flow throughout the body. This can be caused by various factors, including arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats), but is distinct from a heart attack, which is primarily a problem with blood supply.

Therefore, understanding this distinction is crucial for recognizing the urgency of each condition: a heart attack may lead to cardiac arrest, but they are not the same phenomenon. Recognizing that one is a blood flow issue and the other is an electrical malfunction or stopping of heart function highlights the different approaches needed in medical response and treatment.