What is the role of the ribs during breathing?

The role of the ribs during breathing primarily involves allowing for the flexibility of the thoracic cavity. The ribs form a protective cage around vital organs such as the heart and lungs while also providing structural support. This rib cage is not rigid; rather, it is designed to expand and contract during the process of breathing. When we inhale, the ribs move upward and outward, which increases the volume of the thoracic cavity, allowing the lungs to expand and fill with air. Conversely, during exhalation, the ribs move back down and in, helping to reduce the volume of the thoracic cavity, thereby aiding in the expulsion of air from the lungs.

The flexibility of the rib cage is critical because it accommodates the changes in lung volume that occur with each breath, ensuring efficient respiratory function. Additionally, this flexibility aids in protecting the lungs and other thoracic structures while allowing for the necessary movements that take place during respiration.