What type of shock is caused by severe infection?

Septic shock is a critical condition that occurs as a result of a severe infection that spreads throughout the body, leading to systemic inflammation and potential organ failure. In this type of shock, pathogens release toxins into the bloodstream, which triggers an overwhelming immune response. This response can result in widespread vasodilation, decreased vascular resistance, and ultimately, a significant drop in blood pressure. As the body's tissues and organs receive insufficient blood flow and oxygen, multiple organ dysfunction can ensue.

Unlike hypovolemic shock, which results from significant fluid loss (like bleeding or dehydration), or cardiogenic shock, which stems from the heart’s inability to pump effectively (often due to a heart attack), septic shock is specifically linked to severe infections. Additionally, while anaphylactic shock is caused by a severe allergic reaction leading to rapid onset of symptoms, septic shock is distinct in being primarily driven by infections and the body's response to pathogens.

Understanding septic shock is crucial for addressing its management and treatment in a clinical setting, as it often requires immediate interventions such as fluid resuscitation, antibiotics, and support for any organ dysfunction.